Middle Ages Islamic Era History of Jerusalem

Beginning five years after the death of the prophet Muhammad, Muslims ruled Jerusalem and its surrounding areas for a total of 13 centuries, but after almost 500 years, in 1099, lost control of the city to the crusaders for 100 years[1].[2]For the most part, from 638-1517 Jerusalem was ruled by Arabs including the Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid dynasties. Between 1072 and 1092 the Seljuk Turks [...]

Muslims conquered Jerusalem in 639.. Second caliph, Umar bin al-Khattab, visited the city and ordered the erection of mosques and assigned some of Muhammad’s contemporaries and companions like well-known Ubadah bin al-Samit the positions of judges and teachers in the city[1].[2] Uthman, the Caliph who took over after the murder of Umar, gifted the inhabitants of the city with the spring of Silwan as [...]

The Abbasid Empire rose to power in 750 and took control of the Levant and Iraq. Competition with their predecessors, the Umayyads, was fierce, and one of their main points of contention was regarding control over the city of Jerusalem, considered holy land by both groups of Muslims.[1] the Abbasids moved the capital of Caliphate from Damascus, Syria to Baghdad, Iraq and started a [...]

The Fatimid Caliphate in Jerusalem Who were the Fatimids in Jerusalem? Where did the Fatimids come from? The Fatimids began as a new strong state that originated in Morocco as a caliphate. The Fatimids claimed that they're origins can be traced back to the Prophet Muhammad through the lineage of Fatimah, her sons Hasan and Hussain, and their descendants.[1] Were the Fatimids Sunni or [...]